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Thursday 28 March 2013

UGC NET HISTORY SOLVED PAPER JUNE 2012




                                                        PAPER-III
                                                        HISTORY

1. Match List – I (Archaeological Site) with List – II (Identification) and select the correct answer with the
   help of the code given below :
List – I (Archaeological Site)                                   List – II (Identification)
(a) Bagore                                                       (i) Chalcolithic site of Madhya Pradesh
(b) Brahmagiri                                                 (ii) Megalithic site of Karnataka
(c) Maheshwara                                              (iii) Mesolithic site of Rajasthan
(d) .Tekkalakota                                             (iv) Neolithic site of Karnataka
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(C) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(D) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)

2. Which proto-historic site has yielded the evidence of threads of raw silk ?
(A) Ahar
(B) Inamgaon
(C) Navadatoli
(D) Nevasa

3. Arrange the following Indologists in the chronological order and select the correct answer with the help of
    the code given below :
(i) William Jones
(ii) Alexander Cunningham
(iii) James Burgess
(iv) James Fergusson
Codes :
(A) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(B) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(C) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(D) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)

4. Match List – I (Initiator/Writer) with List – II (Journal/Book) and select the correct answer with the
    help of the code given below :
List – I (Initiator/Writer)                                           List – II (Journal/Book)
(a) William Jones                                                (i) Indian Antiquary
(b) James Fergusson                                          (ii) The Stupa of Bharhut
(c) Alexander Cunningham                                 (iii) Asiatic Researches
(d) James Burgess                                             (iv) Archaeology in India
Codes :
       (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(B) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
(D) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)

5. Match List – I (Vedic rivers) with List – II (Present counterparts) and select the correct answer with the
    help of the code given below :
List – I (Vedic Rivers)                                     List – II (Present Counterparts)
(a) Vipas                                                       (i) Jhelum
(b) Parusni                                                   (ii) Ravi
(c) Vitasta                                                    (iii) Beas
(d) Sutudri                                                   (iv) Sutlej
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(B) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(C) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(D) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)

6. The Boghaz Keui inscription from Asia Minor refers to the following Vedic deities :
(A) Indra, Varu . na, Agni and Surya
(B) Indra, Varu . na, Mitra and Agni
(C) Indra, Mitra, Varu . na and Nasatyas
(D) Indra, Mitra, Dyuas and Nasatyas

7. To which of the following tribes did King Sudasa, described in the Rgveda as having defeated ten
    Kings, belong ?
(A) Anu
(B) Druhyu
(C) Tritsu
(D) Yadu

8. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The Greek historian Herodotus tells us that ‘India was the twentieth and most
                       prosperous satrapy (province) of the Persian empire’.
Reason (R) : By the time of Alexander’s invasion (327-326 B.C.) all the Persian impact on
                    India had become non-existent.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

9. Who had made the following statement ? ‘Bhagavapi Khatrio ahampi khatrio’ (Bhagawan [Buddha] was a
    Kshatriya I too am a kshatriya).
(A) Bimbisara
(B) Prasenjit
(C) Ajatasatru
(D) Sisunaga

10. Which one of the following Sangam poets has mentioned about the hoarded wealth of the rulers of the
      Nanda dynasty ?
(A) Avvaiyar
(B) Mamulanar
(C) Parnar
(D) Ilango Adigal

11. Match List – I (Officer) with List – II (Department) and select the correct answer with the help of the
     codes given below :
List – I (Officer)                                                         List – II (Department)
(a) Sannidhata                                                 (i) Incharge of revenue collection
(b) Samaharta                                                (ii) Incharge of commerce department
(c) Pa .nyadhaksa                                          (iii) Incharge of the harem guards
(d) Antaravam sika                                        (iv) Incharge of the treasury
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(B) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(C) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(D) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)

12. Match List – I (Ruler) with List – II (Associated person) and select the correct answer with the
     help of the codes given below :
List – I (Ruler)                                      List – II (Associated person)
(a) Bimbisara                                       (i) Deimachus
(b) Bindusara                                      (ii) St. Thomas
(c) Ajatasatru                                      (iii) Jivaka
(d) Gondopharnes                                (iv) Vassakara
Codes :
       (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(B) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(D) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)

13. It is generally accepted that a special feature of the period between 200 B.C. and 300 A.D. is
      the increase in external trade. Which of the following factors did not assist in the increase ?
(A) From a political point of view India had become one.
(B) The Mauryas had constructed various roads and introduced uniform system of administration and
      this helped in increase in trade.
(C) Indo-Greek rulers helped by establishing close relations with countries of the Mediterranean and
      West Asia.
(D) The Saka, Parthian and Ku ana rulers helped by establishing close ties with Central Asian rulers.

14. Match List – I (Ancient Monument) with List – II (Characteristic feature) and select the correct
     answer with the help of the codes given below :
    List – I (Ancient Monument)                         List – II (Characteristic feature)
(a) Sa~nchi Stupa                                      (i) Tallest Buddhist structure
(b) Nalanda                                               (ii) Represents Hindu, Buddhist and Jaina religions
(c) Junnar                                                  (iii) Contained the relics of Sariputra  and Maudgalyayana
(d) Ellora                                                   (iv) Rock-cut Chaityahall with circular plan
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(B) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(D) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)

15. Which one of the following is not correctly matched ?
      (Ruler)                                         (Figure shown on his coin)
(A) Kumaragupta I           –                     Chakrapurusa
(B) Kani. ska                   –                     Ardokso
(C) Agatho cles               –                     Balarama
(D) K. satrapa Rajuvula   –                     Pallas

16. Match List – I (Ancient City) with List – II (Modern Representative) and select the correct answer with
     the help of the codes given below :
    List – I (Ancient City)                                   List - II(Modern Representative)
(a) Dasapura                                                 (i) Halebid
(b) Dvarasamudra                                         (ii) Mandsor
(c) Madhyamika                                           (iii) Nagari
(d) Samapa                                                  (iv) Jaugada
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(B) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)

17. Who among the following assumed the title of ‘Dharmamaharaja’ which was justified by the
      performance of numerous Vedic sacrifices incuding  the Asvamedha ?
(A) Pu. syamitra
(B) Sarvatata
(C) Samudragupta
(D) Pravarasena I

18. The seat of third Sangam of Tamil poets was located at
(A) Uraiy–ur
(B) Madura
(C) Tanjoreü
(D) Ka~nchi

19. Which one of the following Indian rulers had donated five villages to a Vihara built at Nalanda
      by Sailendra King Sri Balaputra ?
(A) Kumaragupta I
(B) Harsa
(C) Devapala
(D) Bhaskaravarman

20. The rulers of which dynasty of the Deccan have been described by the Arab writers as the four great
      sovereigns of the world ?
(A) Chalukyas of Vatapi
(B) Chalukyas of Kalya
(C) Mauryas of Konkan
(D) Rrakutas of Manyakheta

21. Which one of the following is not correctly matched ?
(A) Rajasekhara – Viddhasalabhanjika
(B) Sri Har. sa – Nai. sadhiya Charita
(C) Mahendravarman – Kavirajamarga
(D) Sudraka – Mrichcha katikam

22. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The growth of regional politics in early medieval India was accompanied by the
                       composition of royal biographies by court poets.
Reason (R) : Sandhyakaranandin’s Ramacharita is written in slesa style and simultaneously tells
                    the story of the epic hero Rama and the Pala King Ramapala.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

23. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and theother is labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The Sultans of Delhi managed to consolidate an empire comprising a large
                        part of India with their military power.
Reason (R) : The main feature of the Delhi Sultanate was that the sultans based their military
                     power with military elite bound together by Islam and certain tribal affinities.
Read the above statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is true.
(D) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.

24. The first reference of ‘Turkan-i- Chihalgani’ has been made in
(A) Tabqat-i-Nasiri
(B) Futuh-us-Salatin
(C) Kitabur Rehla
(D) Khazain-ul-Futuh

25. Which Mongol general defeated Alauddin Khalji ?
(A) Qadar
(B) Qutlugh Khwaja
(C) Targi
(D) Iqbalmand

26. Diwan-i-Khalsa was responsible to look after the
(A) Land under continuous cultivation
(B) Revenue free land granted as rewards
(C) Land under the direct control of the State
(D) Fallow land

27. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
      List – I                                                             List – II
(a) Malgujar                                                   (i) Hereditary Muslim aristocrats
(b) Mufti                                                        (ii) Local Muslim Association
(c) Anjuman                                                  (iii) Muslim learned person expert in religious law
(d) Khanazad                                                (iv) Landholding primary zamindar
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(C) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(D) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)

28. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
      List – I                                                              List – II
(a) Hundi                                                      (i) Mughal Imperial Order
(b) Dastak                                                   (ii) Bill of Exchange
(c) Sanad                                                    (iii) Advance paid to the primary producers
(d) Dadani                                                  (iv) Permit issued to the European traders for the
                                                                        purpose of tax exemption
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(B) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(C) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(D) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)

29. When did the nine cusped arches were for the first time used in Muslim architecture in India ?
(A) Buildings of Sikandar Lodi
(B) Buildings of Sher Shah
(C) Buildings of Nur Jahan
(D) Buildings of Shah Jahan

30. Who amongst the following commented on the rule of the First Afghan Empire in India that ‘there
      was an opportunity to establish in India the constitutional monarchy but the dissensions amongst the
     Afghan nobles let the opportunity pass away’ ?
(A) K.A. Nizami
(B) Peter Jackson
(C) R.P. Tripathi
(D) John F. Richards

31. Which one of the following statements is not correct about Alauddin Khalji ?
(A) He established the department called ‘Diwan-i-Kohi’
(B) Ziyauddin Barni criticizes Alauddin’s taxation policy
(C) Malik Fakhruddin, the Kotwal was loyal to him
(D) His son Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji declared himself the ‘Caliph’

32. The title of ‘Mujaddid’ was conferred to which Mughal Emperor by the contemporary historians ?
(A) Humayun
(B) Jahangir
(C) Shah Jahan
(D) Aurangzeb

33. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
      List – I                                                                      List – II
(a) Ramanuja                                                               (i) Pushti Marg
(b) Chaitanya                                                              (ii) Nirguna Bhakti
(c) Vallabhacharya                                                      (iii) Vishitadvaita Philosophy
(d) Nanak                                                                  (iv) Gaudiya Vaishnavism
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
(D) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)

34. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
      List – I                                                         List – II
(a) Qadiriya Order                                   (i) Shaikh Badruddin Samarkhandi
(b) Naqsbandiah Order                           (ii) Shah Abdullah
(c) Firdausi Order                                  (iii) Khwaja Baqi Billah
(d) Shuttari Order                                  (iv) Shah Nayamatullah
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(D) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

35. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
      List – I                                                                 List – II
(a) Masand                                                            (i) A deputy of the Sikh Guru
(b) Sahajdari                                                         (ii) Non-Khalsa Sikhs
(c) Sardeshmukhi                                                  (iii) A term for Maratha revenue demand
(d) Dal Khalsa                                                      (iv) Sikh religious organization
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(D) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)

36. What new stylistic feature is found in the Tomb of Khan-i-Jahan Telangani built at Delhi under the
      Sultans of Delhi ?
(A) Use of white marble against red sand stone
(B) True Arch
(C) Double Dome
(D) Octagonal in planning

37. Which styles of the Sultanate painting paved the way in the foundation of the Mughal style of painting ?
(A) Chaurapanchasika, Laur Chanda and Indo-Persian
(B) Pala, Kashmiri and Laur Chanda
(C) Chaurpanchasika, Kashmiri and Indo-Persian
(D) Indo-Persian, Pala and Kashmiri

38. Consider the following statements and point out the incorrect one :
(A) Babur’s Memoirs provide a flood of light on contemporary affairs.
(B) It exhibits Babur’s interest in nature.
(C) It provides no information about Farghana, Samarqand and Kabul where he spent time.
(D) He throws light on his contemporaries, their good and bad points, including himself.

39. Tulsidas was the author of which book ?
(A) Kavitawali
(B) Ramacharitamanas
(C) Gitawali
(D) All of the above

40. Who among the following is considered as the founder of ‘Varkari’ sect ?
(A) Eknath
(B) Tukaram
(C) Namdeva
(D) Jnanesvara

41. Consider the following statements in the context of organization of Mughal ruling class during the 17th
      century and select the correct answer from the options given below :
(A) An aspect of the composite ruling class was the steady promotion of a small number
     of members belonging to the administrative services.
(B) These members were generally drawn from Khatri and Kayastha castes.
(C) A few Brahmins could also be found amongst this ruling class.
(D) All of the above

42. Which one of the following Mughal painters was a caricaturist ?
(A) Basawan
(B) Manohar
(C) Miskin
(D) Abul Hasan

43. Shah Jahan fought the Battle of Kartarpur against
(A) Guru Hargovind Singh
(B) Guru Har Kishan
(C) Guru Har Rai
(D) Guru Tegh Bahadur

44. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Recurring peasant revolts in the late 17th and early 18th centuries are
                       believed to have been a major cause of the decline of Mughal Empire.
Reason (R) : Regional sentiments against a centralized Mughal State had not been there.
                    In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

45. Which one of the following centre was not a Dutch commercial establishment in India ?
(A) Masulipatam
(B) Karikal
(C) Hugli
(D) Balasore

46. Name the English Officer who obtained Madras on lease in 1639 from the ruler of Chandragiri.
(A) Sir Thomas Roe
(B) Francis Day
(C) Sir George Oxenden
(D) Sir John Child

47. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
      List – I                                                                    List – II
(a) Second Carnatic War                                           (i) Treaty of Paris
(b) Third Anglo- Mysore War                                   (ii) Treaty of Aixha Chapelle
(c) Second Anglo- Maratha War                              (iii) Treaty of Srirangapatnam
(d) Third Carnatic War                                             (iv) Treaty of Bassein
Codes :
       (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(B) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(C) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(D) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)


48. Which one of the following provisions was not part of the Subsidiary Alliance ?
(A) The State has to keep British force under the command of English General.
(B) The State should take prior permission from the Company for waging of war or making
      peace with another State.
(C) The State should not have relation with any European  power except English East India Company.
(D) The State can go for adoption in the case of not having natural heir.

49. Name the Governor General who adopted a policy of the Europeanisation of bureaucracy and
      an exclusion of Indians from higher posts.
(A) Warren Hastings
(B) Cornwallis
(C) Wellesley
(D) Dalhousie

50. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The British introduced different land revenue tenures in different parts of India.
Reason (R) : It led to the impoverishment of Indian peasantry. In the context of above two
                    statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

51. Curzon-Kitchner Controversy of 1904-05 is related to
(A) Partition of Bengal
(B) Abolition of military member in the Viceroy’s Council
(C) Direct recruitment of police force
(D) Autonomy of the Calcutta University

52. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
      List – I                                                                 List – II
(a) Punjab Land Alienation Act                                 (i) 1900
(b) Central Provinces Land Alienation Act                (ii) 1879
(c) North West Provinces Land  Alienation Act        (iii) 1904
(d) Deccan Agricultural Relief Act                            (iv) 1916
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(D) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

53. Name the ruler who was deposed in 1875 on charges of ‘gross misrule’.
(A) Gangasingh of Bikaner
(B) Bupendranath Singh of Patiala
(C) Krishna Raja Wadiar of Mysore
(D) Malhar Rao Gaikwad of Baroda

54. The first English Evening Daily Newspaper from Madras was
(A) The Madras Mail
(B) The Madras Chronicle
(C) The Madras Herald
(D) The Madras Standard

55. “Forget not that the lower classes, the ignorant, the poor, the illiterate, the cobbler, the sweeper
       are thy flesh and blood, thy brothers” – These words are related to
(A) Jyotiba Phule
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) B.R. Ambedkar
(D) Swami Vivekananda

56. “The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was not one movement …. it was many”
       – The above statement has been made by
(A) S.N. Sen
(B) R.C. Majumdar
(C) C.A. Bayly
(D) Eric Stokes

57. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
      List – I                                                                    List – II
(a) Narayan Guru                                                       (i) Rising Sun
(b) Tripuraneni Ramaswamy Choudary                       (ii) Jati  Mimamsa
(c) Venkataraylu Naidu                                              (iii) Shambuka Vadha
(d) Sridharula Naidu                                                  (iv) Veda Samaj
Codes :
      (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(B) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(D) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)

58. Select the correct answer from the codes given below about the chronological sequence of the
      movements :
(i) Kuka Movement
(ii) Wahabi Movement
(iii) Mundas Revolt
(iv) Moplah Peasant Revolt
Codes :
(A) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(B) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(D) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)

59. Select the correct answer from the codes given below about the chronological sequence of the Act
      passed :
(i) Brahmo Marriage Act
(ii) Sarada Act
(iii) Hindu Widow’s Re-marriage Act
(iv) Age of Consent Bill
Codes :
(A) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
(C) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(D) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)

60. One of the following Congress leaders did not preside any Session of the Indian National Congress :
(A) Surendranath Bannerjee
(B) Gopala Krishna Gokhale
(C) Bala Gangadhar Tilak
(D) Mahatma Gandhi

61. The first Swadeshi dacoity or robbery was organised in the year 1906 in
(A) Maniktala
(B) Rangapur
(C) Muzaffarpur
(D) Midnapur

62. Who was called ‘Morning Star’ of Reformation ?
(A) Martin Luther
(B) John Calvin
(C) Zwingli
(D) John Wycliffe

63. Who used the word ‘Cold War’ first ?
(A) Winston Churchill
(B) Bernard Baruch
(C) Marshal
(D) Stressman

64. ‘Pure Blood Aryan theory’ is related to
(A) Fascism
(B) Nihalism
(C) Syndicalism
(D) Nazism

65. What position Nelson Mandela occupied in the African National Congress at the time of his release
      from jail after 26 years in 1990 ?
(A) President
(B) Vice-President
(C) Secretary
(D) Advisor

66. What was Marshal Plan ?
(A) Control of European powers by military power.
(B) To spread of American Dictatorship in Europe.
(C) Economic package of USA to control Communism.
(D) American Continent is meant for Americans only.

67. A concrete outcome of the Wavell Plan was the
(A) Constitution of the Constituent Assembly
(B) Complete independence for India gradually
(C) Hold a Referendum in the North-West Province
(D) Summoning of the Shimla Conference

68. Which one of the following Committees was appointed by the UPSC in 1974 to go into the issue of
      recruitment and selection methods ?
(A) Bhagwati Committee
(B) D.S. Kothari Committee
(C) A.D. Gorwala Committee
(D) Santhanam Committee

69. Who among the following explicitly states that “History bases all its conclusions on rational evidence” ?
(A) Herodotus
(B) Thucydides
(C) Polybious
(D) Tacitus

70. Which one of the following work was not authored by Leopol von Ranke ?
(A) History of Rome
(B) History of France
(C) History of the Popes
(D) German History at the time of Reformation

Read the following passage carefully and choose the correct answer of the questions
that follow (Q. No. 71 to 75) :

Causation is a concept of such fundamental importance to historical understanding that E.H. Carr in his G.M.
Trevelyan lectures (1961) declared the study of history to be the study of causes. But postmodernist thinking on the issue of historical causation is different. John Vincent would abandon the search for
causes as futile and rather look for explanations. Writing in 1976, Theodore Zeldin thought of causation and
chronology as the two tyrants to historians. Hayden White attacked the concept of
causation as depriving people of both their freedom of action in the present and of control over the future by trapping them in an inescapable network of causation. Postmodernist theory installs interpretation
in the place of empirical research into the causes of specific events.
Since the notion of cause depends on sequential time, some postmodernists attack the latter too. The cause of an occurrence must obviously come before it in time. But the postmodernist historian
and philosopher, Ankersmit, says “Historical time is a recent and highly artificial invention of Western
civilization,” and the writing of historical narrative based on the concept of time, he
has declared, is “building on quicksand.”The postmodernists would prefer that the
idea of sequential time be abandoned in the writing of history. Richard Evans shows how the very idea of
postmodern is paradoxical in that it is contrary to the assertion that there are no time periods in history. And the postmodernist statement that historical time is a thing of the past, itself uses the
historical concept of time which the statement is intended to dismiss. The linear and sequential concept of time is far too powerful a principle to be dispensed with, for it is not an intellectual construct
but a matter of everyday experience for people the world over. Time itself may be
without boundaries, but in terms of human life it passes, and has limits.

71. What is the concept of causation by E.H. Carr ?
(A) History cannot be understood devoid of cause-effect relationship.
(B) History depends on time and space.
(C) It is a matter of every day personal experience to inquire about the basis of an event.
(D) Causes should be undertaken in totality.

72. What does postmodernist think about the Historical causation ?
(A) It is useless to search for it.
(B) It puts limitation on the Historian.
(C) Interpretation is necessary rather than the cause-effect relation.
(D) There are different opinions.

73. Which is not the concept of Time amongst the postmodernists ?
(A) It should not be studied in the interpretation of History.
(B) It puts forth the theory that the interpretation of events be emphasized.
(C) Time deals with past.
(D) The factor of Time has not been thought of by the intellectuals.

74. Who amongst the following wrote that the cause-effect relationship is an obstacle for History ?
(A) Richard Evans
(B) Ankersmit
(C) E.H. Carr
(D) Theodore Zeldin

75. Which one of the following said that the narrative History writing
      considering the Time is like constructing a building on a weak foundation ?
(A) Ankersmit
(B) Theodore Zeldin
(C) Richard Evans
(D) E.H. Carr

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